However, there is actually no single and comprehensive method for diagnosis of AD. Ĭurrent consensus statements have emphasised the need for the early diagnosis of AD. AD often progresses gradually and the patients can seldom survive more than 8–10 years after the beginning of symptoms. In developed countries, the incidence rate is 8 and 30% for the individuals over 65 and 85 years, respectively. This disease mostly happens in the patients of the ages between 40s and 90s such that age is considered as a major risk factor. AD generally causes a decline in cognitive tasks such as progressive loss of memory, reasoning and language. The Alzheimer disease (AD) is an advanced neurodegenerative illness. It is here demonstrated that the contradictory findings of the previous studies on the HRF peaks for the elderly compared with the young are originated from the noise contribution in fMRI data. The authors’ experimentations show that the HRF peaks are not significantly different comparing the young adults with the elderly (either demented or non-demented). Prior works often reported significant differences in the HRF peak amplitude between the young and the elderly. The HRF amplitude peaks are compared for three groups HRF of young, non-demented and demented elderly groups for both vision and motor regions. After applying minimum description length wavelet as an extra denoising step, deconvolution algorithm is here employed for HRF estimation, substituting the averaging method used in the previous works. As blood-oxygenation-level-dependent fMRI signal is much weak and noisy, particularly for the elderly subjects, a robust method is necessary for HRF estimation to efficiently differentiate the AD.
Haemodynamic response function (HRF) may be considered as a biomarker to discriminate the Alzheimer disease (AD) from healthy ageing. IET Generation, Transmission & Distributionįunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can generate brain images that show neuronal activity due to sensory, cognitive or motor tasks.IET Electrical Systems in Transportation.IET Cyber-Physical Systems: Theory & Applications.IET Collaborative Intelligent Manufacturing.CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology.
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